Category Archives: Research

Introducing… MagKnotic!

It’s been about a year since switching gears to my artistic practice. The electrography collection literally came to me via psychic insight and I was able to follow that insight at the time. I was in college at the time, and deep into my research interests when the idea came to me and with the help of my father – he was able to help build the device I needed to pursue the project. My professors encouraged me to build a legacy of images surrounding this style of photographic art. I have been deeply terrified of following other ideas due to them not having any sort of structure to measure success or to define the project to be successful. Through the years of exhibiting my electrography collection I’ve been teaching myself how to measure the success of this project so I can embark on other projects and ideas that are similar – which is why and how I devised the research framework. I had realized my electrography collection came from my research interests and once I defined a framework for that, my other ideas for projects developed nicely.

This past year I have done an enormous amount of soul searching and figuring out what and how I would conduct my artistic practice. I have 8 research interests that are propagating that I see unfolding over the next 5-10 years. I have felt very blessed that my first steps into the art world professionally have been met with success, but it is also terrifying to me to try to follow and continue these steps. Of the 8 research interests, only a few have stuck with me as something to pursue and that are feasible to pursue in the moment.

One of the things that was brought to my attention is that much of the opportunities that I pursued were in order to help other organizations continue to run. Which is fine and all – perhaps for an entry level artist – however, I feel at this stage of my career there should be less of that and more things carried out and organized on my own. So this means having a full body of work ready to be displayed when submitting to calls for exhibition, learning how to apply for grants and securing funding for larger scale projects, collaborating with larger institutions and universities to carry out work that is beneficial to the people involved, among other things. When realizing that I have the skills to conduct these projects essentially on my own outside of the established boundaries of art, it is quite freeing. I do not need that residency or development course to carry out a project – utilizing the resources at hand, I can carry out these projects myself.

The universe has a funny way of working… I have been working on this new artwork series within the last month and just the last couple of days an opportunity came through within my network for me to go back to my artistic home – Italy – to potentially work with a textile manufacturer in a collaborative project. I had been feeling a pull to work on my research interest of weaving and textile arts  and this synchronicity has sort of confirmed it for me. I have put several ideas out into the universe and seems to me that this one will lead somewhere. Which leads me to introduce the project…

MagKnotic! A series of textile arts that are inspired by magnetic fields visualized with ferrofluid and light. This project is about the theory that weaving and textile arts, specifically Celtic – as well as others, contain meanings embedded within the knots, forming a language. For example, a comparison between an image of the earth’s magnetic field and the Celtic tree of life depicting the exploding/imploding energy. An implosion is simply the opposite of an explosion. In an explosion, matter and energy fly outward, but in an implosion, matter and energy collapse inward. So in short, implosions are caused by having a greater pressure on the outside of an object than on the inside. For the purpose of this project, it will focus on the Celtic knotting methods and it’s correlation to magnetism. However, this project can extend to other cultures such as South America and as far as East Asia.

WTA – Magnetic Warp

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Michael Snyder of the University of Louisville has been working on developing imaging techniques utilizing two ferrofluid Hele-Shaw cells that have been constructed to facilitate the imaging of magnetic field lines. His results are distinctive and show similarities to sacred geometry and Celtic weaving.

 

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WTA – Magical Designs of the Shibipo Indians

Have you ever wondered what inspired the designs of the indigenous peoples?

There are instances when design inspiration comes from an other worldly experience.

He reports that Shipibo shamans believe that taking Ayahuasca permits the shaman’s soul to leave his body in the form of a bird which then can fly to a distant enemy at night. This bird then changes back into the shaman’s human form so he can destroy the sleeping enemy. Shipibo WomanUnder the influence of the Banisteriopsis drink mixture, the Shipibo Indians often report seeing giant anacondas, poisonous snakes, and jaguars. Less frequently, other animals are observed in their visions. In addition, Harner reports that often a shaman, taking the drink, believes he acquires giant snakes which are to be his special demons to be used in protecting himself against other shamans in supernatural battles. The Shipibo shamans, under the influence of the drug, believe they imprison other persons’ souls with supernatural boats whose demon crews are led by a yellow jaguar and a black puma.

The pineal gland is your third eye. It is usually illustrated in art as a pinecone. This eye is actually a small gland in the center of the brain, which we’re told is to help balance both the left and right brain when working properly.

This gland secretes a serotonin known as DMT or Dimethyltryptamine that is nicknamed to be the spirit molecule, because it’s the very tryptamine that helps us fall asleep. This gland is called an eye because it has a retina and is built like our exterior eyes. This eye opens when lights are off, or we close our eyes. In Matthew 4:16 “the people sitting in darkness saw a great Light; and to those sitting in the region and shadow of death, Light sprang up to them,” Isa. 9:1-2. This eye is home to visions, dreams, ideas and imaginations. There has been an interesting study of the brain chemistry of schizophrenics and creative people. The basis of the conclusion of this was the chemistry from the third eye. Schizophrenic behavior occurs when the third eye is awake when the person is awake.

By Howard G Charing,

The intricate Shipibo designs have their origin in the non-manifest and ineffable world in the spirit of the Rainforest and all who live there. The designs are a representation of the Cosmic Serpent, the Anaconda, the great Mother, creator of the universe called Ronin Kene. For the Shipibo the skin of Ronin Kene has a radiating, electrifying vibration of light, colour, sound, movement and is the embodiment of all possible patterns and designs past, present, and future. The designs that the Shipibo paint are channels or conduits for this multi-sensorial vibrational fusion of form, light and sound. Although in our cultural paradigm we perceive that the geometric patterns are bound within the border of the textile or ceramic vessel, to the Shipibo the patterns extend far beyond these borders and permeate the entire world.

One of the challenges for the Western mind is to acknowledge the relationship between the Shipibo designs and music. For the Shipibo can “listen” to a song or chant by looking at the designs, and inversely paint a pattern by listening to a song or music.

The Shipibo believe that our state of health (which includes physical and psychological) is dependent on the balanced union between mind, spirit and body. If an imbalance in this occurs such as through emotions of envy, hate, anger, this will generate a negative effect on the health of that person. The shaman will re-establish the balance by chanting the icaros, which are the geometric patterns of harmony made manifest in sound into the body of the person. The shaman in effect transforms the visual code into an acoustic code.

A key element in this magical dialogue with the energy which permeates creation and is embedded in the Shipibo designs is the work with ayahuasca by the Shipibo shamans or muraya. In the deep ayahuasca trance, the ayahuasca reveals to the shaman the luminous geometric patterns of energy. These filaments drift towards the mouth of the shaman where it metamorphoses into a chant or icaro. The icaro is a conduit for the patterns of creation which then permeate the body of the shaman’s patient bringing harmony in the form of the geometric patterns which re-balances the patient’s body. The vocal range of the Shipibo shaman’s when they chant the icaros is astonishing, they can range from the highest falsetto one moment to a sound which resembles a thumping pile driver, and then to a gentle soothing melodic lullaby. Speaking personally of my experience with this, is a feeling that every cell in my body is floating and embraced in a nurturing all-encompassing vibration, even the air around me is vibrating in acoustic resonance with the icaro of the maestro. The shaman knows when the healing is complete as the design is clearly distinct in the patient’s body. It make take a few sessions to complete this, and when completed the geometric healing designs are embedded in the patient’s body, this is called an Arkana. This internal patterning is deemed to be permanent and to protect a person’s spirit.

The smaller flowing patterns within the geometric forms are the radiating power of the Cosmic Serpent which turns this way and that, betwixt and between constantly creating the universe as it moves. The circles are often a direct representation of the Cosmic Anaconda, and within the circle itself is the central point of creation.

In the Western tradition, from the Pythagoreans, and Plato through the Renaissance music was used to heal the body and to elevate the soul. It was also believed that earthly music was no more than a faint echo of the universal ‘harmony of the spheres’. This view of the harmony of the universe was held both by artists and scientists until the mechanistic universe of Newton.

Joseph Campbell the foremost scholar of mythology suggests that there is a universe of harmonic vibrations which the human collective unconscious has always been in communion with. Our beings beat to the ancient rhythms of the cosmos. The traditional ways of the Shipibo and other indigenous peoples still reflect the primal rhythm, and their perception of the universal forces made physical is truly a communion with the infinite.

Time

As I usually like to tell clients that I read for, we are all conduits and experience the world through a set system of beliefs, knowledge, perspectives and everything that may come from our upbringings, parents, family members, professors and teachers, etc. help shape the way we perceive the physical world. These perceptions are based on either belief or fact and often oscillate between the two and sometimes intertwining causing illusions, delusions and things that may not necessarily exist.

Of these constructs is time. Time – as in the past, present and future – is a linear and man-made concept. However, time itself is based on fact – the earth orbits the sun 24 hours each day. But to organize these consecutive orbits, we have days, weeks, months and years, which turn into decades, centuries, etc. That method of organizing time is just a method – we often call this method of organizing time the calendar system. Over time… different societies and cultures have created their own calendar systems. For example, if we all still followed the Rosicrucian system we would be in the year 3368, however as the rest of the business world operates on the Gregorian calendar we are in 2018. This is why the linear method – past, present and future – doesn’t really make sense, or make time believable. What year is it truly, if two methods of organizing time are giving us two different answers?

This is why I tell clients that – the past, present and future – are all happening at once – since they don’t exist at all. But, that leaves us as to maybe why the calendar system was created in the first place. Perhaps when they were, the scholars and mathematicians realized that in order to progress a society you have to make them believe a future is real. Otherwise, how would anyone want to progress a society if a future just doesn’t exist? Which also leaves us the question of, how can psychics and seekers predict a future when a future just doesn’t exist? They analyze the world around them and the person they are reading based on systems and perceptions they have.

Oscillating Reactions

Oscillating reactions are interesting to me because they create concentric circles from two forms of information or chemicals.

One reaction that comes to mind is the BZ Reaction or Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction. A Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction, or BZ reaction, is one of a class of reactions that serve as a classical example of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, resulting in the establishment of a nonlinear chemical oscillator. The only common element in these oscillators is the inclusion of bromine and an acid. The reactions are important to theoretical chemistry in that they show that chemical reactions do not have to be dominated by equilibrium thermodynamic behavior. These reactions are far from equilibrium and remain so for a significant length of time and evolve chaotically. In this sense, they provide an interesting chemical model of nonequilibrium biological phenomena, and the mathematical models of the BZ reactions themselves are of theoretical interest and simulations. What is probably the most significant of this reaction is that it is a chemical oscillatory reaction, fluctuating in color.

The oscillations remind me of the mathematical proof that came to me as a representation of the universe. [A+][B-] / [b-][a+] Where A+ and B- oscillate with lower-case b- and a+. The image below is a visual representation of [A+][B-], the visual representation for [b-][a+] is just half of [A+][B-]. In traditional mathematics, the square brackets indicate a matrix. A matrix is a concise and useful way of uniquely representing and working with linear transformations. In particular, every linear transformation can be represented by a matrix, and every matrix corresponds to a unique linear transformation. The idea of the universe operating in a matrix form is not new, however, perhaps finding a way to visualize it may be.

As one may see, the BZ-chemical reaction produces two expanding spirals. In the LSF framework spirals are expressions of light. In a treatise about the metaphysical significance of PI (3.14) it stated that that numerical proof explains both the linear and nonlinear characteristics of subjective experience and objective manifestation. Subjective experience and objective manifestation could be the oscillating mind-states that manifests our physical world. In one instance the physical world is a subjective experience and in the next instance it is an objective manifestation. We are constantly experiencing and manifesting. The BZ-chemical reaction provides a physical visual of this math and deeper insight.

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Prabhu G, Witek H, Urban P. Chemical clocks, oscillations, and other temporal effects in analytical chemistry: oddity or viable approach? Analyst. 2018;143(15):3514-3525. [PubMed]
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Mahanta D, Das N, Dutta S. Spirals in a reaction-diffusion system: Dependence of wave dynamics on excitability. Phys Rev E. 2018;97(2-1):022206. [PubMed]
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Torbensen K, Rossi F, Ristori S, Abou-Hassan A. Chemical communication and dynamics of droplet emulsions in networks of Belousov-Zhabotinsky micro-oscillators produced by microfluidics. Lab Chip. 2017;17(7):1179-1189. [PubMed]

Fundamental Thinking: Reality as a Design

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Reposting old articles to this new section… 

In my mind, this reality is a design. And to understand design we must define it. The definition of Design means to intensify an already existing message. If reality is a design, reality must have a message. Design, all types of design, contain a set group of principles that can be applied to -all- design disciplines. Principles such as; unity, contrast, balance, movement, proportion, emphasis, and finally space. But how can the designer apply these principles to Nature (the physical and spiritual)? Very Simply.

The designer must understand the timeless commandment, “And so above and so below and so below, as above.” When this is completely accepted and understood it can be transformative. In order to understand the Universe, which I define as One Song (Uni = one, verse = song), we need to understand what it means to be ONE; to be unified, to be unified does not mean to be civilized. In order to be one, we must be divided, and in order to be divided we must be one.

“But that’s contradictory,” you say.

Exactly. The second principle of the universe (or design) is contrast, otherwise known as dualism. Like I said earlier; in order to be one, we must be divided, and in order to be divided we must be one. 1 cannot exist without 2 since 2 contains opposing (but sometimes attracting) polarities. These opposing polarities when attracted to each other they become a part of the whole. For example, in a work of art, there is often positive space and negative space that make up the whole composition and make it unified.

After reading about how there are only two emotions in existence: fear and love and reading about how energy is consistent and essentially all energy is the same, I had conjured up this equation:

[A+ B-] / [b- a+]

Where [A+ B-] refers to everything in the macro universe and [b- a+] refers to everything in the micro universe. The midsection indicated as ‘ / ’ is where everything commingles.  This equation can be applied to pretty much everything and thus got its name, “The Equation of Life”.

[A+ B-] / [b- a+]

can also be written as:

space-time [A+] time-space [B-] / time-space [b-] space-time [a+]

Dark [A+] Light [B-] / light [b-] dark [a+]

Space-time has these characteristics: positive, balls (particles), illusions, dark physicality

Time-space has these characteristics: negative, waves, light and consciousness (infinity).

The dark side [space-time] is visible, charming and appealing, just showing the beauty of the visible universe, only 4% of the universal mass.

The light side [time-space] is harmony. It conducts the nuclear dance of both visible and invisible universes; it is the only force that links them all. It is provoking an invisible alchemy.

So physical reality, the explosive world, would be characterized as [A+ B-]

The spiritual reality, the implosive world, would be characterized as [b- a+]

So let’s consider this equation, that was written to help us visualize this world, and apply it to the end of the world scenario.

First, before we continue, lets discuss movement as that is the next principle of design. The artistic definition of movement is; the arrangement of parts that draws the eye through the composition.

However, to better understand movement as a design principle lets put an addendum; Movement or motion creates the illusion of time and therefore change. The Law of Motion changes not, but all things change in motionFor motion is the force that holds events separate, each in its own proper place.

To put it simply; if we stop time… we end motion, which creates the illusion of time and thus we will propel ourselves into infinity and beyond…

British philosopher, Aleister Crowley stated clearly,  “Man will no longer worship God as an external factor, as in Paganism, or as an internal state of consciousness, as in Christianity, but will realize his identity with God.” Thusly, the end of the world scenario is the end of the dualistic approach to life. The end of the human frontier… because once we become ONE with ‘God’ we will be unified.

You exist, but at the same time you do not.

You’re awake, but at the same time you are not.

God is man. While at the same time Man is God.

So what’s the end of duality? The beginning of infinity, of unity, or a complete composition. Instead of a reality containing of harmonic proportions created by duality we will have a monochord, one vibration that will vibrate within all of us.

(to be continued)

Its been awhile since I last thought about this blog post, but almost a year later I had a similar conversation with a — er colleague — of mine who studies light, sound and form as well. While procrastinating packing my dorm room up, I ran across an alternative science database that I haven’t found before and this article. The article focused on the age-old idea that the earth is flat. I have had written ideas before suggesting that the earth/universe could indeed be flat: Holographic Reality and the World is Flat and the Universe is Flat. Apparently there are a few people out there that still believe that the world is flat.

We got into an interesting discussion about the possibility of the Earth being flat and how it could possibly function as a flat surface.

I posted this link onto my colleague’s facebook wall and the conversation began like this:

She commented jokingly, “All photographs of Earth from space are taken with FISH EYE LENSES to TRICK US!!!

In all seriousness, I then asked, “No, seriously have you thought about it though?

She responded, “About a flat Earth? Not with my understanding of physics, which may or may not be faulty. But the Sun is visibly spherical, the moon is spherical, and the planets I’ve seen through a telescope also have the same light shading as a sphere rather than a disc. I wouldn’t consider the Earth to be a special case.

Expanding Earth, that I’ve considered. “

But isn’t there always a dual option though in this world? What’s the opposite of spherical? Flat. If everything is an illusion in this manifest world, things that would appear flat, would be spherical and vice versa, theoretically,” I insisted.

She then replied, “I don’t really believe the world operates on duality as much as a refracted spectrum of plurality. We could divide numbers as even or odds, but we could also differentiate by multiples of three or fives. I feel it has much more to do with perspective than duality. All illusions are equally false.

And then added, “Can we count a Mobius strip as being flat?

It looks like its technically a spiral, so yes,” I answered.

Continuing, she said, “I don’t know if there’s physical evidence to support this, but I still think of the universe as expanding from a central point and collapsing back into itself when its expansion is no longer enough to overcome its gravity.

Yes. I’ve seen that in Tibetan art,” I said confidently.

Then I asked, “what if our eyes are natural fish eye lenses?

She answered, “That’s still assuming physical matter is actual rather than perceptual. But we could also be light, shining onto inert information and perceiving it as experience…

I then asked, “Light shining upon light equals what?

Experience,” she said simply.

Then she added, “We could equate light with attention, as we equate darkness with the unseen. There has to be an interaction of some sort for there to be anything to experience.

A world between worlds,” I said.

Then she asked, “If we perceive no opposition, interference, interaction, can we perceive otherness or plurality?

Are we built to do that? I don’t think so, if we could, there would be no division,” I responded.

Light absorption,” I then added.

That would be the point where illusion refracts as a distortion of reality. We can take a flat sheet of paper and pinch it somewhere, perceiving it as something other than paper, just because it has an apparent shape other than that which surrounds it. It’s still the same thing though,” she responded.

Exactly,” I said.

Then I added, “If we are beings of light, entering a world of light — a different kind of light — we would distort that reality because the present reality of who we are is already light … the distorted reality is the reality we perceive to be real, as in the world we exist in now.

Continuing, she said, “Holographic apparitions rather than solid, actually separate entities. Perhaps this is why dimensions intersect each other at 90 degree angles. It’s just us coming back on ourselves in new ways to experience multiplicity.

So particles are twists of space-time… “

Intersections of light. And! If absolute zero is no vibratory motion of any particle, it’s because there is no interaction. It would be uninterrupted flatness,” she added.

Ah ha! Flat,” I exclaimed.

Then she asked, “We can extend on forever uninterrupted, but projecting requires an other to bounce off of. 0D as a source?” She laughed.

Laughing with her, I responded, “0D would be light though, it has to be.

Thinking out loud, I said, “but things can’t bounce off if there is no density to it…

It’s pretty awesome that we had the same thought train about interrupted light and projections,” she said.

Then she asked, “But what -is- light? Consciousness? Beingness? That Which Is or the attention thereof? We seemingly innately equate it with positivity. So that which we see is light and that which we refuse to attend to is dark? I feel like the metaphor works in a literal way, I’m just not sure how.

Oh shiny!!” I exclaimed.

Actually, I think “oh shiny” may be the answer to your question,” I added.

Pondering, she asked, “How does the light in a holograph work? Bounced off of a reflection?

What happens when physical light reflects off a metallic surface? It catches our attention, because  we somehow can relate to it, for whatever reason,” I said.

Continuing, she said, “That is precisely why, as I’ve gotten older, I’ve become more interested in sparkly sorts of things. Every living thing flourishes with light, and many animals instinctively collect shinies.

Finishing the conversation, I said, “By the way… spirals as expressions of light intersecting with each other? perhaps why they appear -everywhere- in nature?

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Tattwas – Sanskrit language of shapes and designs

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Tattwa are geometric images from India. they are  symbols  that can be used in mandala.  One of the most traditional symbol sets and one considered to have innate power to effect realization is by using  Tattwa. These simple geometric symbols can be used in  meditation.

 Tattwa is a Sanskrit word meaning energy. Tattwas are  five geometric symbols which represent the five universal energies.  Each Tattwas symbolizes unique energies with specific properties, potentials and frequencies. In varying combinations, these five energies make up the sum totality of everything in our physical and spiritual universe. These five basic symbols are combined to create symbols of many different kinds.

 The  tattwa symbols are the ovoid, the triangle, the half-moon, the circle, and the square. These definitions are minimal and in no way represent the totality of the symbol.  Source: http://pjentoft.com/on-Tattwa.html

These would make an interesting language. For example the Circle represents air, and we could have all words associated with the element of air. The prominent shape in the mandala would represent the main theme of what is being expressed. So if we are talking about miscommunication, we would probably have a large circle, in orange. As that is the complimentary color of blue (opposite). So a plain orange circle would mean no communication.

If we were talking about something about selling something like a house, the prominent shape would be yellow square it is represents Earth. Earth is all things materialistic. It would be paired with a smaller blue circle since blue circles represent thought and communication, etc.

They [the shapes] would be layered on top of each other above to create a geometrical story…

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CL – Researchers Discover How To Control Electron Spin Electrically

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ScienceDaily (Dec. 6, 2001) — Santa Barbara, Calif. — Researchers at the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB) report in the Dec. 6 issue of Nature the first demonstration of continuous electrical tunability of spin coherence in semiconductor nanostructures.\

The six person research team is headed by physicist David Awschalom, director of the Center for Spintronics and Quantum Computation. Awschalom’s research is conducted under the auspices of the California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), a multi-million-dollar State initiative conceived by Gov. Gray Davis to develop the science and technology that will propel the state’s economic future. Funding for Awschalom’s research is provided by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), an agency which promotes speculative but potentially groundbreaking research projects.

An approximate understanding of the nature of spin can be gleaned by analogy with the orbit of planets in the solar system. In this analogy, electrons orbit a nucleus in a fashion similar to the Earth’s orbit around the Sun. Just as the Earth rotates about it’s axis during the orbit, electrons have a quality of rotation called ‘spin.’ The spin of electrons is characterized by the direction of rotation, so that spin ‘up’ or ‘down’ electrons rotate in opposite directions (i.e., clockwise or counter-clockwise).

While magnetic fields are conventionally used to manipulate spins in familiar magnetic devices like hard-disk drives, this demonstration of electrical control of aligned spins represents a significant step towards making new spin-based technologies. One future technology is quantum computing, where many schemes make use of electron spin states as bits of information analogous to the 0’s and 1’s of binary computing. Unlike ordinary bits, ‘quantum bits’ can be any combination of both 0 and 1 simultaneously, corresponding to a continuous range of possible directions.

Magnetic fields can change the direction of spins by inducing “precession” which is an additional rotation of the spin orientation about the magnetic field, similar to the periodic movement of the axis of a top after it is spun. While the speed of electron spin precession in a magnetic field is generally fixed by the particular materials used, the research reported in Nature has shown that both the speed and direction of precession can be continuously adjusted by applying electric fields in specially engineered quantum structures.

Said Awschalom, “We would like to electrically manipulate the electron spin because that’s the bridge to a scalable technology. Today’s charge-based electronics all use electrical gates–a sandwich of electrical plates–to guide electrons. We want to use the electrical control methods of today’s technology to fabricate a spin gate. This paper reports spin gates that can make the electron spin go one way or the other or just stay put. And the gate works at room temperature.”

Awschalom refers to the invention as a gate, rather than a switch because it performs continuous tuning of electron spin. Instead of the “off” and “on” options for a switch, a gate operates across a continuum the way lights can be dimmed by a rheostat, for instance.

The spin gate device is made of sandwiches of the semiconductor materials Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) and Aluminum Gallium Arsenide (AlGaAs) only a hundred nanometers thick.

Semiconductor heterostructures operate by trapping electrons in a ‘quantum well’ that is shaped like a square box. The trick that Awschalom’s research team devised to construct their device was to use a parabolically shaped quantum well instead of the usual square box.

A decade ago Awschalom’s UCSB colleague, Art Gossard, professor of electrical and computer engineering, led a research group that conceived and used Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) techniques to build semiconductor heterostructures with parabolic quantum wells. Klaus Ensslin, then a postdoc in the Materials Department at UCSB, described how the trapped electrons behaved in the parabolic structure. Ensslin is now a physics professor at Switzerland’s Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) in Zurich, which entered last June into a research agreement with UCSB.

At UCSB on sabbatical from ETH Zurich, Ensslin returned to collaborate with his old mentor Gossard. Both assisted the Awschalom research effort and are authors of the Nature paper. Two of the other three authors are affiliated with Awschalom: his postdoc Gian Salis, the first author and now a permanent staff member at IBM Zurich, and his physics graduate student Yuichiro Kato both worked on measuring the devices. Dan Driscoll is Gossard’s materials graduate student who helped in the device fabrication.

“It was our colleagues ability to fabricate the specially-engineered structures that made these experiments possible, said Awschalom.”

Why does a parabolic quantum well enable electrical control of spin coherence when a box-shaped well does not?

Salis explained, “Mathematically speaking, when you add a line to a parabola the parabola is displaced, but doesn’t change shape. But when you add a line to a box, you only distort the box into a trapezoidal structure. This is essentially what happens when we apply a voltage to our device: the voltage tilts the whole structure like pushing down on a see-saw. So we used the two different semiconductors (GaAs, AlGaAs) to form the parabola and to trap the electrons. We then applied electrical voltages to displace the parabola and thereby moved the pooled electrons in the well from one material to another. The effects were large! We were able to control spin electrically exactly as we had thought we could when we conceived the experiments.”

“With the application of just a few volts,” added Awschalom, “the electrons begin to sample different regions of space, and that’s when their spin precesses faster or slower or stops. We are moving electrons out of Gallium Arsenide into Alumnium Gallium Arsenide continually without changing their wave function or profile in space, and that’s what is unique.”

The spin-gates discussed in the Nature report are an example of the rapidly developing field of ‘spintronics,’ which studies electronic devices that are based on electron spin.

This raises the question: What might spintronics do that electronics can’t?

In addition to the longer-term goal of quantum computing, spintronics offer the near-term possibility of revolutionizing the way we think about piecing together different technologies.

“Think of one combined unit that integrates logic, storage, and communication for computing,” said Awschalom. “We envision using a mixture of optical, electronic, and photonic techniques to prepare and manipulate spin-based information. The spin could be stored in semiconductors, run at frequencies many times faster than today’s technology and work at room temperature. And all in a single nanostructure. Then imagine millions of these nanostructures working together in a device small by human standards. What such devices will do is up to scientists and engineers to determine. But the most exciting prospects are the revolutionary ones rather than simple extrapolations of today’s technology.”

In addition to applications in the emerging field of spintronics, the last sentence of the Nature paper points to possible advances in fundamental physics using the findings: “Furthermore, the large tunability and quenching of the electronic spin splitting offers the potential for new insights into other phenomena, such as ferromagnetic quantum Hall states or the dynamics of electrically inverted spin populations through non-adiabatic gating.” Studies of the quantum Hall effect are very important, and have already garnered two Nobel physics prizes for its explorers. What’s being offered here is a new way of looking at some tantalizing aspects of condensed matter physics.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2001/12/011206073914.htm

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WQ: Thoughts and Everything Else

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Water Quality

I recently started a physical sketchbook to keep notes in about this research interest/project and went through my project notes and copied down anything that mentioned water quality. One tidbit that stuck out was Marasu Emoto. His life’s work was focused on determining that human consciousness had an affect on water quality through praying and other spiritual engagements. My initial thought for this project was to develop some sort of kinetic sculpture that would change depending on the rain fall and rainwater collection rates.

 

 

I still like this idea but having my medium be photographic, I am conceptualizing how this kinetic sculpture would look in photographic tones; playing with light/dark, hues and colors, existing in grayscale or not. From my previous study of photographic sculptures… the light can be formed into anything to create a form within 3-dimensional space.

 

 

One of my all time favorite artists is Anthony Howe – who uses the power of the wind to animate his steal sculptures, is a great example of using the environment to interact with his work. Lately, Daniel Rozin‘s work in mirrors also has intrigued me. He’s able to take the mathematical understanding of a mirror and create a mirror pretty much out of anything. He’s studied materials and is able to make a mirror that are made of various materials but exhibit the same behavior and interaction. In the end, my hope would be to place this sculpture in a designated location and study the effects of rainwater. I feel like I am getting closer to figuring how this water quality project can turn itself into a collection of artwork as well as a scientific development.

 

 

What Other Universities are Doing

I thought it might be worthwhile to see what other universities are doing in the Pioneer Valley in regards to water quality. While researching the topic – the Water Resources Research Center at UMassAmherst are currently focused on the following:

 

Acid Rain Study
Agricultural Water: Blue, Green, and Grey Water
River Water Quality Study

Among many other projects.

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Study: Photographic Sculptures

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I have been working on my water quality project, and have been thinking about how to turn the vector graphics I have made into something a bit more photographic as that is my determined medium. I’ve been doing a bit of a search on ‘photographic sculptures’ and James Nizam‘s work came up. He has used lighting as a way to form sculptures in a designated space. For example, the piece above he’s used a shipping container, reflectance paint and light elements to form a 3Dimensional image and his work looks computer generated (not in a bad way) but in the light that the craftsmanship looks really good. I think I could take the form of the body of water (shipping container), light source and other similar materials and use that as a guide. Hmm, time to do a bit more research on that!

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Water Quality Update

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Over the summer, I initiated a water quality project that would take data from water tests from bodies of water that were near me at the time. One aspect of my artwork is collecting and going out on walks and in the fields to collect items for my artwork. This project is inline with that and I have been thinking about how to turn this data into a visually pleasing way. I have investigated into using 3D printing to sculpt the topography of the body of water into a 3D form and then color that form using the colors from the water tests. But 3D printing is expensive, so until I get there, I am going to work on this project 2Dimensionally. I’m hoping to turn it more into just using the outline of the body of water to visually depict the water test data. But here’s a starting point and something completely new. 🙂

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